BackgroundNon-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) and Moraxella catarrhalis (Mcat) are major pathogens implicated in bacterial exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Their involvement contributes to antibiotic resistance and poses significant immune challenges. underscoring the need for targeted vaccine strategies. This systematic review and meta-analysis as... https://storeanimalwiz.shop/product-category/stick/